Cotton yields in Brazil have risen the fastest of major world producers in recent years. Brazil and India had similar yields in 1992, both below the United States and the world average.
With the adoption of modern, large-scale farming and improved access to inputs—and due to the extremely favorable climate in Brazil’s new production regions—Brazil’s cotton yields have surged to more than double the world average. Today, Brazil’s average yields are second only to those in Australia and Israel, where production is almost entirely irrigated. Brazil’s 2009/10 cotton yield is estimated at 1,498 kilograms per hectare, only 14 percent below yields in Australia and Israel (USDA, FAS, 2010). (source)